Basic Mold Immunoreactivity Panel

IgG antibodies to Aspergillus fumigatus reflect adaptive immune memory following exposure or sensitisation to this ubiquitous environmental mould. Elevated IgG titres may indicate chronic or repeated inhalation, though detection does not distinguish between benign colonisation, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and invasive disease — clinical context and additional serological and imaging findings are essential for that distinction.

Aspergillus IgG is a marker of immunological memory to fungal antigens. In the context of suspected mould exposure, a positive result supports the hypothesis of significant exposure history, but must be interpreted alongside symptoms, IgE serology for type-I hypersensitivity, eosinophil count, imaging, and galactomannan or beta-D-glucan for invasive disease when appropriate.

Penicillium species are common indoor moulds, and IgG antibodies indicate prior or chronic antigenic stimulation. Because Penicillium is widespread in the built environment, detection of IgG reflects exposure history rather than current active infection.

Penicillium IgG is used in panels investigating mould-related illness to document immunological evidence of exposure. A positive result correlates with environmental history but does not by itself confirm causality for a patient's symptoms, which require a broader clinical synthesis.

Cladosporium is among the most prevalent airborne moulds, found both outdoors and indoors. IgG detection indicates immune recognition of Cladosporium antigens, typically following chronic or high-level exposure.

Cladosporium IgG provides evidence of exposure and immune response. In patients with suspected building-related illness or chronic sinopulmonary symptoms, a positive result supports the exposure history but must be weighed against symptom correlation and environmental testing.

Alternaria is a common environmental allergen and indoor contaminant. IgG antibodies indicate prior antigenic challenge, often through inhalation of spores in water-damaged buildings or outdoor environments.

Alternaria IgG is included in mould panels to screen for sensitisation or exposure. Elevated levels may correlate with respiratory or systemic symptoms attributed to mould, but the specificity for causality is limited without supporting clinical and environmental data.

Candida albicans is a commensal yeast of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. IgG antibodies are frequently present at low titres in healthy individuals reflecting mucosal colonisation, but elevated levels may indicate recurrent mucosal overgrowth or, in immunocompromised patients, invasive candidiasis.

Candida IgG in environmental panels is controversial; its inclusion reflects functional-medicine interest in chronic candidiasis and 'dysbiosis,' concepts not universally accepted in mainstream gastroenterology and infectious disease. Elevated IgG may correlate with recurrent mucosal candidiasis but does not diagnose invasive infection, which requires culture or histopathology, nor does it confirm the systemic 'yeast syndrome' posited by some practitioners.

A derived index summarising the aggregate IgG reactivity across the tested mould antigens. It provides a single metric of overall immunological exposure to the panel.

The composite index aids in global interpretation — a high score strengthens the hypothesis of clinically relevant mould exposure, while a negative panel argues against mould as a primary driver of symptoms. The index does not replace individual biomarker review, since patterns of reactivity can inform source investigation.