What is Deamidated Gliadin Peptide IgA Antibody?
Gliadin, a prolamin component of wheat gluten, is resistant to complete proteolysis by gastrointestinal enzymes. Tissue transglutaminase deamidates specific glutamine residues in gliadin fragments to glutamic acid, enhancing binding to HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 and triggering T-cell activation. Antibodies to deamidated gliadin peptides reflect this adaptive immune response and correlate with mucosal inflammation, though less closely than tTG-IgA.