What is Histamine?
Histamine is a biogenic amine synthesised from L-histidine by histidine decarboxylase and stored in mast-cell and basophil granules. Upon degranulation it is released into plasma, where it acts through H1–H4 receptors to mediate allergic and inflammatory responses, regulate gastric acid secretion, and modulate neurotransmission. Circulating histamine is rapidly metabolised by diamine oxidase and histamine N-methyltransferase, yielding a plasma half-life measured in minutes; steady-state concentration reflects the balance between ongoing release and clearance.