What is β-Phenylethylamine (PEA), Urine?
β-Phenylethylamine is a trace amine synthesised from L-phenylalanine by aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD). It acts as an endogenous neuromodulator and TAAR1 (trace amine-associated receptor 1) agonist, stimulating monoamine release and potentiating dopaminergic and noradrenergic synaptic activity. PEA has an extremely short half-life due to rapid MAO-B catabolism to phenylacetic acid — making urinary PEA a composite reflection of synthesis rate and MAO-B catabolism rather than tissue concentration.