Biomarker Reference · AMA
Anti-Mitochondrial Antibodies (AMA) is a clinical biomarker used in gastrointestinal assessment. Anti-mitochondrial antibodies target the E2 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and other 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase enzymes on the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is measured in 1 laboratory test on BiomarkersLabs.com.
Anti-mitochondrial antibodies target the E2 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and other 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase enzymes on the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are produced when self-tolerance to these highly conserved mitochondrial antigens breaks down. The M2 subtype, which recognises PDC-E2, is the hallmark serological marker of primary biliary cholangitis and is detectable years before clinical disease in many cases.
AMA, particularly the M2 subtype, is present in approximately 95 per cent of patients with primary biliary cholangitis, making it the single most sensitive and specific marker for PBC. A positive AMA in the setting of cholestatic liver biochemistry is diagnostic even without liver biopsy, and the antibody titre does not correlate with disease severity or response to treatment. AMA can occasionally be found in other autoimmune conditions or in healthy individuals at low titre, so clinical and biochemical context is essential.
Reference ranges vary by laboratory and assay platform. Interpret in context of the issuing laboratory's stated range.
1 test on BiomarkersLabs.com include this biomarker.
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