What is Apolipoprotein A-1?
Apolipoprotein A-1 is the principal structural and functional protein of high-density lipoprotein particles. It activates lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, which esterifies free cholesterol on the HDL surface, and serves as the ligand for hepatic HDL receptors that mediate reverse cholesterol transport. Each HDL particle carries multiple Apo-A-1 molecules, making Apo-A-1 concentration a direct measure of HDL particle number rather than cholesterol content.