Biomarker Reference · Cu
Copper (Blood) (Cu) is a clinical biomarker used in heavy-metals-toxicology assessment. Copper is an essential trace element required for cytochrome c oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and other cuproenzymes involved in energy production, antioxidant defence, and connective-tissue synthesis. It is measured in 3 laboratory tests on BiomarkersLabs.com.
Copper is an essential trace element required for cytochrome c oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and other cuproenzymes involved in energy production, antioxidant defence, and connective-tissue synthesis. Most serum copper is bound to caeruloplasmin, an acute-phase protein that rises in inflammation, pregnancy, and oestrogen therapy. Free (non-caeruloplasmin) copper is the metabolically active fraction and is elevated in Wilson disease.
Serum copper is ordered in the work-up of suspected copper deficiency (anaemia, neutropenia, myelopathy) or Wilson disease, where it is typically low or normal but free copper is elevated. Because caeruloplasmin is an acute-phase reactant, serum copper alone is insufficient for diagnosis; it is interpreted alongside caeruloplasmin and, in Wilson disease, urinary copper and slit-lamp examination.
Reference ranges vary by laboratory and assay platform. Interpret in context of the issuing laboratory's stated range.
3 tests on BiomarkersLabs.com include this biomarker.
Copper (Blood) reference range in this test: 70–140 µg/dL (adults); higher in women and pregnancy due to oestrogen effects on caeruloplasmin.
Copper (Blood) reference range in this test: ZRT laboratory-specific; approximately 70–140 µg/dL, sex- and oestrogen-dependent.
Copper (Blood) reference range in this test: Serum copper approximately 70–140 µg/dL in adults; varies with age, sex, and caeruloplasmin.
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