What is Estradiol?
Estradiol is the predominant and most potent oestrogen during reproductive years, synthesised primarily by ovarian granulosa cells under FSH and LH control via aromatisation of testosterone. In men, peripheral aromatisation of testosterone accounts for most circulating estradiol. The hormone acts through oestrogen receptors alpha and beta to regulate the menstrual cycle, support endometrial proliferation, maintain bone density, modulate lipid metabolism, and influence mood and cognition. Estradiol exhibits marked cyclical variation in menstruating women, peaking just before ovulation and rising again in the luteal phase.