What is Lipoprotein(a)?
Lipoprotein(a) is an LDL-like particle in which apolipoprotein(a) is covalently linked to apolipoprotein B-100. Its plasma concentration is largely genetically determined by the LPA gene, with the apo(a) isoform size inversely related to concentration, and levels remain relatively stable through life and are minimally affected by diet or lifestyle. Lp(a) is thought to be pro-atherogenic, pro-inflammatory, and pro-thrombotic, contributing to atherosclerosis and aortic valve disease. Because levels are inherited and stable, a single measurement is usually sufficient to establish lifelong risk.