What is Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline), 24-Hour Urine?
Norepinephrine is synthesised from dopamine by dopamine β-hydroxylase within sympathetic nerve terminals and the adrenal medulla. Urinary norepinephrine derives predominantly from peripheral sympathetic nervous system spillover into the circulation and renal excretion; central noradrenergic neurons contribute minimally to urinary output. It is the primary catecholamine of sympathetic fight-or-flight activation and is catabolised by MAO and COMT to normetanephrine and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA).