What is Oestrogen Metabolites (Oestrone, Oestradiol, Oestriol and 2-OH, 4-OH, 16-OH pathways)?
Oestrogens (oestrone, oestradiol, oestriol) are metabolised through three hydroxylation pathways — 2-hydroxy, 4-hydroxy, and 16-hydroxy — followed by methylation. The relative flux through these pathways and the degree of methylation are of interest because the 4-OH pathway generates more reactive metabolites. Dried urine measures the parent oestrogens together with these downstream metabolites over the collection window.