Biomarker Reference · Cd
Cadmium (Urine) (Cd) is a clinical biomarker used in heavy-metals-toxicology assessment. Cadmium is a toxic metal with a biological half-life measured in decades, accumulating in the kidney and liver. It is measured in 2 laboratory tests on BiomarkersLabs.com.
Cadmium is a toxic metal with a biological half-life measured in decades, accumulating in the kidney and liver. Urinary cadmium correlates with long-term body burden and renal cortex concentration, making it the preferred biomarker for chronic exposure assessment. Smoking is the dominant source in the general population; occupational exposure occurs in metal smelting, battery production, and pigment manufacturing.
Elevated urinary cadmium reflects cumulative exposure and is associated with renal tubular dysfunction (including Fanconi syndrome and reduced glomerular filtration), bone demineralisation (itai-itai disease), and increased cancer risk. Because cadmium is not effectively chelated, management focuses on exposure cessation and monitoring of renal and bone health.
Reference ranges vary by laboratory and assay platform. Interpret in context of the issuing laboratory's stated range.
2 tests on BiomarkersLabs.com include this biomarker.
Cadmium (Urine) reference range in this test: <0.5–1 µg/g creatinine (non-smokers without occupational exposure)
Cadmium (Urine) reference range in this test: Reported against reference intervals, creatinine-corrected # REVIEWER FLAG: Confirm Doctor's Data range.
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